Current status and trends of global gypsum industry

   In recent years, China's gypsum industry has sprung up everywhere, the rapid development momentum. Since 1978, the introduction of advanced equipment and technology since the North, China's gypsum board industry has been developed to hundreds of enterprises, production capacity has reached 500 million square meters, the market capacity of more than 300 million square meters in the international gypsum industry sort , After the United States, Japan, Canada and France.
   In recent years, China's gypsum industry has sprung up everywhere, the rapid development momentum. Since 1978, the introduction of advanced equipment and technology since the North, China's gypsum board industry has been developed to hundreds of enterprises, production capacity has reached 500 million square meters, the market capacity of more than 300 million square meters in the international gypsum industry sort , After the United States, Japan, Canada and France. At present, China has become a veritable gypsum products production and sales power in the world gypsum products occupies an important position. 2004 and even after the gypsum industry and market trends how? Gypsum products and building decoration companies how to deal with changes in the market? This is everyone more concerned about the issue, the following talk about some of their own views.
   1, China gypsum products industry status and problems
   China's gypsum industry in the national economy is not a small eye for the small industry, the development of very slow. In the late 1970s, a series of applied studies were carried out to develop gypsum products. In 1978, China's paper gypsum board began production, the first annual output of 4 million square meters of gypsum board automatic production line was born in Beijing, and soon, three of the same scale production lines were in Shenyang, Harbin, Xi'an built. After 20 years of development, to the present has become a relatively complete variety of emerging industries. The main products are two categories: plate gypsum products and decorative gypsum products. Which in particular, large-scale production of paper gypsum board, high level of technology, has become China's rare interior decoration important materials.
From the last century, China's gypsum products production growth rate is not too large. But in recent years, driven by the rapid growth of China's economy, China's gypsum industry has sprung up, the rapid development momentum. At present, China's gypsum production has been among the forefront of the world gypsum industry in the world gypsum industry ranking second only to Canada, the United States, Japan and France, China became a veritable gypsum and products production and sales power. At present, the annual output of the country's total gypsum about 10 million tons, China's annual production capacity of paper gypsum board has reached 500 million square meters, and showed an increasing trend. Gypsum industry in China's healthy development at the same time, gypsum and products continue to improve the economic efficiency. At present, China's gypsum products market capacity of more than 300 million square meters. Market transactions active, most of the domestic sales, occupy the domestic market share, in addition, some gypsum products also drift across the sea, export abroad, to participate in international competition. China's gypsum board production technology and production scale reached the international level, so that the global impressive. On the whole, China's gypsum products industry development with each passing day, unusually compelling.
   In recent years, China's gypsum products industry is booming for a variety of reasons. From the subjective point of view, China's rapid economic growth, especially the prosperity of the real estate industry for the application of gypsum products to provide a market space. In recent years, driven by the rapid economic growth in China, China's real estate industry booming, real estate and fixed asset investment contribution to the national economy has become increasingly significant, real estate has become China's new economic growth and pillar industries. In particular, since 2002, under the guidance of macroeconomic policies such as expanding domestic demand and comprehensively promoting the reform of the housing system, China's real estate sales have escaped the situation of hovering in previous years and experienced high-speed growth. 2002 1 to 11 months, the national real estate sales reached 353.6 billion, an increase of 37.1%. 2003 real estate development into a new round of development of the climax, the performance of the price increase, the supply and demand booming, the country's residential development, completion area and sales prices are high, China's real estate industry has greatly driven the gypsum industry growth. In particular, China is a country of energy scarcity, energy is known as China's fifth energy. While the building energy consumption accounts for 25 to 30% of China's total energy consumption. The Ministry of Construction has been promoting the construction of new building wall materials, gypsum board and light steel keel composed of light wall material QST system is recommended by the Ministry of Construction of the new wall materials, with policy support advantages, effectively pulling the gypsum industry development of. From the objective point of view, the paper gypsum board and light steel keel, rock wool board and other products supporting the use of light, fire, sound insulation, earthquake, covers an area of small, decorative effect, low overall cost. In addition to the application of the load on the wall ceiling, but also can be used for engineering in the external wall insulation, wall decoration, renovation of the old house, sound absorption, noise reduction and so on. From the cost-effective, is any other material can not be replaced. At the same time, China's accession to the WTO for several years, huge market potential to attract a large number of foreign gypsum products investors. Some of the famous foreign multinational gypsum products group have landed in China, such as Germany's "can be blessed", Australia's "Boluo", Australia's "Sisier", France's "Lafarge", the British "Jie Ke" And other internationally renowned gypsum board multinational companies to attack the Chinese market. Foreign gypsum brought not only advanced gypsum products production technology, as well as modern gypsum products business management and improve the product quality assurance system, which undoubtedly China's domestic gypsum products business is not a small impact. The face of "foreign plaster" of the large-scale advance, China's gypsum products production is facing severe challenges and comprehensive speed development opportunities. China's domestic gypsum products have in technological innovation, new product development, management and other aspects to speed up the pace of improvement, and continuously improve their competitiveness, thus accelerating the pace of development of the gypsum industry.
   However, we certainly have to be clear at the same time to see that China's gypsum products manufacturers to catch up with the world's advanced gypsum products business there is a big gap in the current development of China's gypsum products in the existence of a series of problem:
   First, the scale is not economic. Performance in the production enterprises and more varieties, small size, wide distribution, low efficiency. National gypsum enterprises large number, small size, a considerable number of enterprises or workshop-style production, production in the 20 million square meters of the enterprise is very few, and the product technology content is low, low added value for the middle and low products, no fist products and energy Called the brand. For example, some private gypsum products are very rapid development of individual enterprises, but most of the production capacity of 200 to 400 million square meters / year of small production lines. This result led to the size of gypsum enterprises uneconomical, the overall efficiency is poor, so the current China's gypsum board industry in order to catch up with the world level, the main problem is not to expand the production scale gypsum board, but in economies of scale;
   Second, the market is not large, poor government supervision, management needs to be strengthened. From the macro point of view, the gypsum market management is not large, the product quite a mixed phenomenon, leading to the market can not correctly guide the circulation and consumption; especially private small businesses to use its investment cost of low production cost advantage, quickly near the market, raw materials rich place Construction, which, some small gypsum board production line of low level of technology, poor quality awareness; there are some companies for the pursuit of the greatest interests and seize the market, trying to cut corners, lower prices, resulting in slab prices continue to decline, even to the point below the cost The These small gypsum enterprises have neither crystal nor quality assurance, so the vast majority of their product quality does not meet the national standards. According to the end of 2003, the State and the Beijing Municipal Trade and Industry Bureau on the market sales of ordinary paper gypsum board quality supervision and spot checks found that small gypsum board production line of product quality sampling rate of only 10%. Due to low prices, highly competitive market, so quality and low price of fake and shoddy products into the market, so that the entire gypsum board industry presents a disorderly development of the state, both damage the reputation of high-quality brand gypsum board, but also affect The gypsum board industry's healthy development.
   Third, gypsum investment overheating, redundant construction problem is more breakthrough. At the end of the 20th century, China's gypsum products ushered in the development of the spring, along with the vigorous development of China's construction industry, paper gypsum board once the product in short supply situation. In this situation, all over the country have on the line, 200 million square meters and above production lines have reached sixty or seventy. At the same time, many developed countries gypsum board manufacturers have also entered China to seize the market. From 1997 onwards, Boluo, Lafarge, Knauf, BPB and other foreign companies in just a few years time in China investment (wholly-owned or joint venture), there have been 7 annual production capacity of 20 million square meters of production lines Started construction, its design production capacity of 155 million square meters, accounting for the total output (353 million square meters) of 44%. At present, China's gypsum board has formed a foreign multinational companies, state-owned holding companies and township private enterprises actually competing for the market share pattern. In particular, in recent years, due to market incentives and the state of the new wall materials preferential policies, some local enterprises this year, strong growth in fixed asset investment momentum may lead to economic overheating of the lack of vigilance estimates, have invested gypsum project, there Gypsum investment hot. A time of foreign capital have been beachhead, the domestic annual output of less than 2 million small factories like mushrooming, repeated construction, blind construction and small workshop-style production led to intense competition in the gypsum market, there have been mixed;
   Fourth, R & D investment, application technology and supporting technology research is not in place. Gypsum board is a decorative material, is the partition and ceiling decoration works in the main material. Light steel keel is used with paper gypsum board and a variety of light board supporting the use of products. The QST system of gypsum board, light steel keel and rock wool products is an excellent new type of light wall. Gypsum board must be with the keel, accessories and other supporting materials used in conjunction to play the best results. Therefore, it is in different parts of the building, should have its size practice. But China's gypsum board specifications of the construction technology standards did not form, there is no perfect national general technical documents. So far there are still many construction units still do not fully grasp the construction technology of paper gypsum board. Which is not standardized construction technology standards. In addition, if the gypsum board with light steel keel, rock wool, caulking materials, connectors and other supporting materials, but off, fire, sound insulation, sound absorption, safety, comfort and other systems applications do not solve, China gypsum board industry Less than development. However, at present, China's application of technology and supporting technology research, research and development of the problem of less investment has not yet been effectively resolved. According to a data show that China's investment in gypsum research only 1.2% of product sales, foreign 5% to 10%, therefore, a serious shortage of technology funds affect the level of China's gypsum technology. At present, China's application of gypsum board technology is mainly North and a number of foreign-funded enterprises to develop their own system. Only by these limited investment, China's gypsum board market development, will be subject to great constraints.
   Fifth, the production of bottlenecks, such as energy, electricity, transportation and production bottlenecks in raw materials. Can not be long-term balanced and effective to ensure supply, affecting the existing production capacity of enterprises to play and product quality improvement and the development of new varieties; there are environmental bottlenecks in the production of gypsum products, environmental management investment, making a large Some products are contaminated. I learned from the China Environmental Science Product Certification Committee was informed that China has been certified with a "ten ring" signs of gypsum products manufacturing enterprises accounted for only 1% of the national gypsum products manufacturing enterprises, and 90% of the gypsum products production enterprises Less than the national "ten ring" signs of environmental protection technical requirements of the product requirements.
   2, China's gypsum products industry market prospects
   Decided to gypsum products market trend of the national economic trend, then let us analyze the national economic situation. At present, China's economy is in the recovery period, there is still some rise, space, the world economy will maintain a moderate recovery trend. It is expected that China's economy will continue to grow at a high level in the second half of 2004 and beyond. From the international economic situation, the World Bank predicts that next year the world economic growth rate is expected to increase to 3%, of which developed countries will rise to 2.5%, the United States, Japan, the euro area will reach 3.4%, respectively. 3% and 1.7%; growth in developing countries will rise to 4.9%. IMF forecasts next year, global growth of 4.1%, of which 3.9% in the United States, Japan 1.4%. Overall, the world economy will maintain a modest recovery trend, but there are still uncertainties. From the domestic economic situation, in recent years to expand domestic demand, adjust the economic structure, deepen the reform of the economic system on the basis of China's economy has been out of the state of sustained decline, entered a comprehensive recovery stage. The main performance is: to improve the living and living conditions as the representative of a new round of consumer structure upgrade started; by the consumer upgrade driven by high-growth industries to become industrial upgrading and economic growth of the main driving force; enterprise market competitiveness and self-development capacity ; Urbanization process is accelerating; private investment is accelerating start, market-oriented investment and financing activities are very active, market-oriented industrial agglomeration effect is becoming increasingly evident. This new market, driven by market-driven, consumer upgrades and self-investing, is growing rapidly and has a strong sustainability. From the main aspects of macroeconomic this year, the economic growth rate increased over the previous year, the rapid expansion of domestic demand, the total contradiction basically alleviated; the main commodity supply and demand pattern is basically balanced, the overall price level is relatively low and relatively stable; In the export growth, foreign direct investment continued to flow rapidly, the external resources supply is relatively abundant, the balance of payments in good condition. Overall, the economic stability of the recovery did not appear the overall economy "overheating", the macroeconomic health status of basic health. Future economic growth is still a great potential. China's bank deposits are still large, foreign exchange reserves are strong, high levels of savings rate to provide a guarantee of funds, capital supply is relatively abundant; labor almost unlimited supply, artificial low cost advantage will be long-term; technology supply is not obvious constraints. The existing elements of supply conditions, is conducive to expanding the market for product supply adjustment space. Something imbalance in the possession of a huge space for development. At the same time, the steady growth of residents' income, the continuous improvement of urban savings level, the expected improvement of income and expenditure, the gradual improvement of consumption environment and consumption policy, the continuous improvement of consumer structure, consumer demand is expected to maintain a high level of steady growth, great potential The Driven in the consumer upgrade, the pace of industrial upgrading will be correspondingly accelerated, and will lead to continued rapid growth in investment. These conditions will allow China's economic upturn to be maintained. Comprehensive economic situation at home and abroad, on the whole, China is still in the medium-term development stage of industrialization, China's economic growth stage is far from over, in 2004 China's economy will continue to grow at a high level. In such a macroeconomic situation, in 2004 and beyond the future of China's gypsum market will be how?
First, in 2004 and after the national gypsum market supply and demand balance, gypsum demand has gradually expanded the trend, the price rose slightly, different regions of different performance, local areas may turn Wang. Looking back the history we can find that the gypsum board is a positive industry. From 1999 onwards, the national demand for gypsum board began to rise significantly. Increased by more than 20% per year. In 2002 the total market demand for gypsum board will reach 210 million square meters. Even at such a large growth rate, China's per capita gypsum board is still less than 1% of the developed countries. According to per capita possession, Canada is the world's first, about 13.2 square meters, Japan and France 4.4 square meters, the British 2.6 square meters, while China is only 0.3 square meters. China's annual output of gypsum plaster and annual per capita consumption are very low, the output of less than one-tenth of the United States, per capita annual consumption of less than 2% of the United States and Canada, Japan's per capita consumption of about 30 times The This shows that China's gypsum board industry and developed countries compared to its huge development space. Therefore, the gypsum board in China is still sunrise industry, in the next few years the amount of gypsum board will show an upward trend. According to the experts predict the domestic sales gypsum board production and sales to 15-20% annual rate of increase in 2004, the national gypsum board supply is approximately equal to the demand is about 3 to 350 million square meters. Industry experts pointed out that from the domestic point of view, home improvement and construction gypsum products consumption is on the rise in 2005, China's demand for gypsum products will reach 3.5 to 400 million square meters.
   Second, in 2004 and beyond the urban and rural residential construction into China's economic growth point and consumption hot spots will further boost China's gypsum products market, and now the total market capacity is still an annual rate of 10 / u20% increase, especially in rural areas will become the main consumer battlefield. Gypsum board as a new type of wall material, with a light weight, thermal insulation performance, fire performance and other characteristics, can be nailed, planing, construction and installation of convenient, occupies an important position in the building. As we all know, residential construction will become the future of China's economic growth and consumption of hot spots to the town to achieve per capita living area of 8 square meters, full-featured, facilities supporting the "well-off" residential, is expected in 2005 the country's new urban housing 300 million square meters, Decoration materials demand is expected to exceed 650 billion yuan. China's annual completion of at least 200,000 square meters of residential construction area, the existing 2.9 billion square meters of urban housing needs to be varying degrees of transformation, renovation needs of housing more than 90 million units. Village and urban construction scale, urban demolition and demolition of the old liberated areas, rural well-off village construction will be further warming; the same time, the central government to solve the three rural issues and residential reconstruction •, farmer well-off housing construction investment will increase, the level of decoration will be more The higher the higher. According to the forecast, the next three years, China's rural areas will have 566 million square meters of residential demand, no doubt the potential of rural gypsum market is extremely large;
   Third, environmentally friendly high-grade eco-gypsum board and multi-functional gypsum board will be much favored by the national key projects, but also become the majority of urban residents home furnishing consumption of fashion crystal. In particular, after the accession to the WTO, due to the opening of the construction project bidding market, the international construction companies will have more opportunities to participate in domestic project construction, they will pay more attention to product quality. At present, China's high-quality gypsum products market gap is very large. To the Yangtze River Three Gorges as the representative of the large-scale water conservancy project and a large number of state-level representatives of the large-scale construction, requiring a high level of decoration of the construction of high-quality gypsum products in great demand. The construction of foreign hotels and hotels also increased the demand for high quality gypsum products. To 2005 is expected to build 100,000 sets of rooms of foreign hotels and restaurants. More than 7035 foreign hotels and hotels in the existing 1.08 million rooms will require varying degrees of decoration. There are also 210,000 hotels, the hotel will be large-scale decoration. Therefore, the North China's new building materials, France's Lafarge, Germany can be resistant to Fu, the United Kingdom Jieke as the representative of the stand-alone annual output of 20 million square meters of large enterprises production equipment, technology research and development, product quality are With the international level, high - quality products in the next few years, the demand is great, will occupy most of China 's gypsum board products market;
   Fourth, office buildings, schools, commercial trade centers, sports culture and other large-scale construction of public buildings, infrastructure, especially in the central and western regions, will be the center of the gypsum consumer market. According to China's national conditions, the protection of arable land to save energy is China's basic national policy. China's building energy consumption accounts for about 25-30% of total energy consumption, in order to save energy and energy conservation China's development wall reform for more than 30 years. Gypsum board as a new environmentally friendly energy-saving wall material, is the best alternative to clay brick products, has become a lot of common building partitions and ceiling of the preferred material, so in recent years, demand for plaster board began to rise sharply. From the long-term development, the paper gypsum board in the non-load-bearing walls and ceiling works, will become a mainstream plate, gypsum board industry will be a strong vitality of the industry, as a supporting light steel keel also Great development prospects. It is expected that by 2005, the national towns need to build 120 million square meters of public entertainment venues will also be renovated. This year's central working meeting clearly pointed out that to ensure the investment and construction of major projects. This is undoubtedly a gypsum products industry development opportunities, but also gypsum products production and operation of enterprises a major opportunity. China's hosting of the 2008 Olympic Games venues and the Shanghai World Expo will be held on the gypsum products industry to accelerate the development from the subjective and objective will be affected. 2008 Beijing Olympic venues will invest 180 billion yuan, 142 large-scale construction and renovation project has been fully launched for the gypsum products enterprises to provide a broad product market. There are a number of foreign gypsum products manufacturing enterprises to enter the Chinese city, field, to cut this piece of "big cake", the domestic gypsum products manufacturers only from the more use of new technologies to improve their products, scientific and technological content, change marketing ideas and Improve service to expand market share.
   Fifth, the market outward radiation expansion, product market positioning will be the direction of globalization. 2004 and even later due to the gradual recovery of the world economy, the international gypsum products market demand gradually strengthened in 2004, gypsum products export situation will remain bullish. especially
Eastern Europe and Russia, a great demand for interior decoration, nearly two years, the completion of the Russian construction area of 220 million square meters, but the lack of Russian decoration materials, the urgent need to import Chinese gypsum products.
   In short, from the macro perspective, the Chinese gypsum board industry is only the initial stage, not mining a lot of room for development, the market prospects are extremely good.
   3, China's gypsum products industry trends and coping strategies
   China's gypsum products industry in the future there will be four major trends. One is the enterprise to the professional, large-scale, the direction of the Group; the second is the product to the high-tech content, high-quality, multi-functional direction; three varieties to the environment-friendly, energy-saving direction; Is the future development direction of gypsum products; four competition will tend to brand, large-scale products gradually out of the country, to participate in international competition. China's gypsum products industry to adapt to this trend, we must take the following measures:
   First, to promote the strategic reorganization of China's gypsum products enterprises, to achieve large companies, large group strategy, the early realization of China's gypsum products enterprises scale, group and professional, for China's gypsum enterprises to lay the foundation for international competition. The grouping of enterprises is conducive to enhancing the economies of scale and the advantages of the economy, can make more extensive use of economic resources and market space, embarked on the path of sustainable development. China's gypsum industrial enterprises there are very uneconomical problems, the number of large, wide distribution, but small scale, the lack of ability to resist market turmoil and the ability to participate in international competition. At present, in addition to the North Group and several foreign companies, China's paper gypsum board production enterprises are mostly small-scale production, high production costs, weak competition. China has formally joined the World Trade Organization, in the face of foreign capital is likely to accelerate investment into the domestic gypsum products industry, to further expand the market share of the severe challenges, urgent need to accelerate the support and growth of large enterprise groups, play a resource advantage and improve competitiveness. If we are in the process of structural adjustment and upgrading, market-oriented, to the entire region and even the national resource allocation as the starting point, and gradually realize the gypsum industry scale economy, the formation of large enterprise groups, the formation of a strong joint fleet, International competition will be in a favorable position. In this regard, Shandong Taihe Group's practice is more successful. They through mergers or leasing production lines and other forms, to expand the scale of production, now has nine production lines, the total annual production capacity of 50 million -6000 million square meters. At the same time to enliven the small gypsum products enterprises, through the reform of property rights, joint-stock reform and other forms of their competition in the market to develop.
   Second, the product structure of gypsum products to adjust the strategic, take a new road to industrialization. To gradually eliminate the backward production process, pollution of large products and old production equipment, the use of advanced, applicable to new technology, new technology to transform the traditional old products. Take the fist products and international brand marketing road. Such as the North new building materials in the gypsum product structure of the strategic adjustment at the same time, accelerate the pace of taking a new road to industrialization, and gradually eliminate backward production technology, take the road of circular economy, ready to use a large number of low-cost gypsum as raw materials, , The application of new technology, new technologies and new equipment, vigorously develop desulfurization gypsum board, improve production and marketing capacity, for 3 years or so to reach 300 million square meters of production capacity and scale.
   Third, increase scientific research and development efforts to improve the level of production equipment technology, and constantly accelerate China's gypsum products industry scientific and technological progress. China's gypsum products industry is the key to the application of technology and supporting technical issues. Such as: ceiling system, the partition system, the shaft wall system, the wall system, sound absorption noise reduction system, the external maintenance structure system, to do everything possible to solve; at the same time technology and equipment behind the constraints of China's gypsum products industry development, Therefore, we must speed up the development of advanced technology to promote the backward technology out of the existing production equipment in the ongoing technological transformation at the same time, to introduce advanced foreign production equipment and technology to improve the overall level of gypsum products manufacturing enterprises. To continuously increase the input of scientific research, to speed up the special function of fire, noise, heat insulation, high temperature gypsum products development and development. Institutions of higher learning and gypsum products industry research, design institutes and large gypsum products business technology center should focus on the production practice of the problem of active research and research, focusing on breakthroughs in demand, the country has a significant impact on the construction of gypsum products Scientific research project. Such as the application of desulfurization gypsum. In Japan, the United States and many countries in Europe are using chemical gypsum production gypsum products, and even all with gypsum production gypsum board. Not only to avoid damage to farmland arable land, but also to absorb, the use of a large number of industrial by-products to improve the ecological environment; also can reduce the gypsum board manufacturing costs.
   Fourth, research and development to rely on the legal, economic, market and administrative new approach to guide enterprises from disorderly competition to orderly competition. In recent years, gypsum products industry brewing storm, the domestic market wave smoke everywhere, highly competitive. Germany 's "Can Fu", Australia
"Borero", Australia's "Sith", France's "Lafarge", the British "Jie Ke" and other internationally renowned gypsum board multinational companies have joined the smoke-free war. Of course, competition is cruel and inevitable. But the author believes that large and medium-sized plaster enterprises not only to focus on competition, but also committed to cooperation; gradually become a strategic partner in the 21st century; at the same time the relevant state departments to study through the development of law, economy, market and administrative new approach and Market rules, to stop the vicious competition and disorderly competition in the chaotic situation, and constantly increase market management efforts, strict implementation of national gypsum production standards and market inspection, ban fake and shoddy products for gypsum products production, consumption and use to create a good environment The
   In short, China's gypsum products industry is a great potential for development of the industry, the prospects are very broad. As long as we continue to optimize the technical structure of the gypsum industry, product structure and organizational structure, through technological innovation, management innovation and brand innovation to speed up China's gypsum products industry development speed, so that gypsum board and supporting a series of new building materials Fully applied in the construction field, to achieve energy saving and soil conservation, improve the quality of buildings and grades for the purpose of the national economy and urban and rural construction and make greater contributions to the development.